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A type of jet engine which uses two different airflow streams (one passing through the core and another blown past it by a fan) for obtaining thrust.

5 votes

What does fan pressure ratio affect in an engine?

E.g. for a more recent (study from 2019) Ultra High Bypass Ratio turbofan engines you will get TSFC as function of BPR for FPR values from 1.6 down to 1.3 in steps of 0.05: Basically, the FPR and the …
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27 votes

Why does the takeoff N1 limit start to decrease below 30°C OAT?

If we would vary OAT for a certain power setting, e.g. constant (corrected) spool speed for a large bypass turbofan engine with imposed compressor exit pressure and turbine inlet temperature limit a model …
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6 votes

How do variable bleed valves prevent surge?

Valves open at low speed to prevent the blades to stall. At low spool speed, or a low power setting (low power setting => less fuel added to the cycle => less power in the turbine and as such less pow …
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16 votes

What does a High Pressure Turbine Clearance Control do?

High Pressure Turbine Active Clearance Control (HPTACC) is a system that controls the temperature of the shroud of the high pressure turbine rotor (HPT). It can cool or heat the shroud support structu …
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2 votes

Why is thrust (in a high bypass turbofan for e.g.) non-linear with respect to N1?

Gas turbine engines, e.g. a turbofan engine, are (is) designed for a specific operating point, for that point the engine operates most efficiently, any deviation from that point causes the air flow in … When we sweep a fuel flow for a turbofan from high to low at a fixed flight condition (static on the ground), we can plot the results of such an experiment to show the effects of blades receiving the inflow …
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5 votes

Why is thrust available constant with speed for turbojet engines, when it varies with speed ...

Assuming that the net thrust of a turbojet is constant is not correct. It is assumed to be constant (for simplicity by the aircraft performance engineers and usually valid for low subsonic speeds), bu …
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7 votes
Accepted

What factors contribute to the poor off design performance of turbofans?

Actually, a turbofan has a higher efficiency at lower than max (read take off) performance. Why? … This graph, from a simulation of high power setting to a low power setting of an older turbofan engine with a bypass ratio of about 5, illustrates that: Perhaps a variable pitch fan is the best solution …
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1 vote
Accepted

Exhaust temperature of CFM56 engines range (Nozzle downstream temp)?

The total temperature, denoted as Tt, remains constant throughout the nozzle as it performs no thermodynamic work. In the context of station numbering, the entry point of the nozzle is labeled as stat …
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7 votes

What is a spool in any jet engine, what is its funtion?

A spool in a gas turbine consists of a compressor (or fan), a connecting shaft and a turbine, see this answer. The purpose of the spool is to compress air driven by combustion gasses through the turbi …
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2 votes

How can I calculate turbofan efficiency as a function of turbine inlet temperature?

First, you should state whether you are designing an engine (increasing the TIT) or if you are doing an off design calculation for an existing engine. In the case of design we gas turbine performance …
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3 votes
Accepted

Why does the gas turbine recuperator hugely increase efficiency but slightly decrease the pe...

I understand that the heated intake air will burn more efficiently with the fuel and that's why recuperators increase efficiency. Actually that is not the reason. When applying a recuperator to a ga …
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