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What is the approximate number of commercial flights in the world as of now? If the number of flights do exceed will they use the concept of frequency reuse in cell phones(dynamic allocation of addresses)?

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    $\begingroup$ Flightradar tracks less than 2^14 flights right now. That means traffic volume needs to increase by a factor of 2^10 before you run out of addressing space. $\endgroup$
    – Sanchises
    Commented Sep 5, 2018 at 6:01
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    $\begingroup$ I voted to close this "what if" question. This is purely opinion based and there is no clear way to interpret what ICAO will do, or what technology may be relevant in the distant future. $\endgroup$
    – jwzumwalt
    Commented Sep 5, 2018 at 7:19
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    $\begingroup$ ICAO addresses have nothing to do with flights, the are assigned to transponders. $\endgroup$ Commented Sep 5, 2018 at 8:13

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Addresses are assigned to suitable equipped aircraft, not to flights. The total of 16 777 214 available adresses is distributed in blocks that are assigned to individual states. Block size depends on the size of the states, e.g. the US and Russian Federation have block with 1048576 addresses, while e.g. Grenada or Mauritius only have blocks of 1024 addresses.

The allocation of addresses is decribed in ICAO Annex 10, Vol. III, Chapter 9.

An extract of the relevant part can be found here.

As long as the addresses are just assigned to conventional Mode-S transponder equipped aircraft there should be sufficient free addresses. This could change if all airspace users would be assigned a unique address, e.g all drones participating in future UTM (urban or unmanned traffic management).

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