Questions tagged [supersonic]
Use for questions relating to flight at speeds greater than sound and related effects from doing so.
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How do you make sonic booms quieter
I was looking through several sources and I can’t find anything explaining how sonic booms can be muted. In the Lockheed Martin Quesst experimental airplane info it states that it supposedly has a “...
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Can an airplane propeller become supersonic?
Is it possible for an aircraft propeller to become supersonic?
I am not referring as for the aircraft, only the rotating blade.
I know it is extremely unlikely for a propeller plane to go supersonic, ...
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Can supersonic booms intensify as you fly longer?
If someone is flying just above Mach 1 for 10 minutes, I would think the sound/shock waves would just pile up and gain more energy, resulting in a very intense and loud boom when the pilot slows down.
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Does the X-59 comply with the "area rule"?
The Lockheed Martin X-59 was rolled out yesterday :-)
Brett Tingley, Watch NASA's sci-fi-looking X-59 'quiet' supersonic jet roll out of the hangar, August 2023.
I am no expert here (and no English ...
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Why arrow wings are more efficient than delta wings?
From page 29 of this slide (https://archive.aoe.vt.edu/mason/Mason_f/SupersonicPres.pdf), an arrow wing has higher lift slope and lower induced drag slope than a delta wing with a straight trailing ...
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Why do expansion fans cause oblique shock waves to curve?
When there is an expansion fan aft of an oblique shock such that its bounding mach waves intersect with the oblique shock, the oblique shock is curved in that region. What is the physical phenomenon ...
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Why do shockwaves move aft with camber/trailing edge deflection? [closed]
Why does a shockwave move further towards the trailing edge with increasing camber?
Also, is the shockwave the thing above the aerofoil or behind it?
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Heating of XB-70 vs. SR-71
The SR-71 was made with not tightly fitting fuel tanks and black paint, etc. to deal with aerodynamic heating. The XB-70 flew at essentially the same altitude and speed range, and was designed with ...
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Would an aircraft which could go through sound barrier at an over 25 degree climb avoid the sonic boom problem?
I read that the "cone" of the sonic boom is a cone of angle 25 degrees extending from the nose of the aircraft, centred on the axis of the aircraft.
I also read that the English Electric ...
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Why cut off the tips of a delta wing to form a cropped delta?
According to wikipedia, the reason to cut off the tips of a standard delta wing is
maintain lift outboard and reduce wingtip flow separation (stalling)
at high angles of attack
This type of delta ...
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Does an orbital trajectory reduce my required lift for high mach numbers?
when an aircraft is flying from let us say Paris to New York on a fixed altitude it is not flying on a straight line but on an orbital / circular trajectory around the earth. Assuming, the aircraft is ...
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Why were the Space Shuttle's elevons reversed, early in re-entry?
The veteran Space Shuttle commander Charlie Precourt writes, in the July 2022 issue of EAA's Sport Aviation, p. 38:
Another interesting reality about our flight controls was their
working essentially ...
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Jet Stream effects at 60.000 ft
Today's airplanes cruise at 40,000 feet. Easterly flight times are longer than their westerly components due to the direction of the jet stream. Comercial supersonic flights did/will cruise at 60,000 ...
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Can a Supersonic aerofoil have Max thickness near the middle?
I’m really unsure about this question:
Can a supersonic aerofoil have maximum thickness near the middle? so by middle of the aerofoil I mean 50% along the chord
Also, how would you actually calculate ...
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Why does the condensation cone disappears when the airplane starts flying supersonic
In this answer How are condensation cones created by supersonic airplanes? it is said that the condensation cones appear only when the airplane flies at speeds below Mach 1. I am wandering why does it ...
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What causes a normal shock wave on a wing?
I am wondering what causes a normal shockwave on a wing? I mean why does the airflow (that becomes supersonic over a part of the airfoil) slows down somewhere over that wing suddenly to a subsonic ...
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How to calculate the TAT (total air temperature) when a rocket is flying to space? [closed]
I checked this answer and I used the formula this answerer provided, but I couldn't get the data he/she presented in the graph. Did I do something wrong?
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Is a supersonic ekranoplan possible? Would mach 1+ would disable ground effect?
An ekranoplan takes advantage of ground effect to make it "fly" very economically.
Is it possible for an eraknoplan to fly at the speed of sound, how does ground effect work at such high ...
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Ice Protection System for supersonic aircraft
How does a supersonic transport aircraft IPS system work? Does it work only for the engine nacelle or both engine and wing. I was thinking only for nacelle since the wings are usually highly swept.
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Why can't supersonic flow work its way upstream?
I am reading this textbook today. And it described supersonic flow as follows:
In a supersonic flow, because the local flow velocity is greater than the speed of sound, disturbances created at some ...
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Is fuel efficiency the only reason why hypersonic missiles don't use rocket engines?
Is fuel efficiency the only reason why hypersonic missiles don't use rocket engines?
And why are rocket engine missiles relatively slow compared to scramjet missiles? In theory rocket engines can ...
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Are there reasons why hypersonic missiles can't be seen on radar? [closed]
military.com claims that hypersonic missiles cannot be seen on radar:
And it's so fast that the air pressure in front of the weapon forms a
plasma cloud as it moves, absorbing radio waves and making ...
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why normal surface pressure over wedged cone is greater than freestream pressure
I came across this question in "Fundamentals of Aerodynamics" by John Anderson, although I knew how to solve the question, I didn't understand why we had the surface pressure on the wedge 1....
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How to calculate the inaccuracy in the "standard" turn radius equation, for supersonic airspeeds
I learned to calculate the radius of a level turn (r) using the function $ r = \frac{V^2} {g . tan(bank angle)}$. V is true airspeed, g is the local gravity constant.
But now I have seen in the ...
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At what altitude can the sonic boom no longer be heard at sea level?
As others have stated here, you can hear the sonic boom of planes flying by at a fairly high altitude, ~80 000 ft. At what altitude would the sonic boom no longer be noticable at sea level? To add to ...
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What's the relationship between mach number and drag force on an airplane?
From what i've read drag coefficient at mach 1 is several times (up to 10x) the drag coefficient below drag divergence mach number. It drops as the mach number increases.
It's easy to find plots ...
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Thrust varaition of a Turbofan engine with altitude and mach number [duplicate]
my classmates and I are trying to find a mathematical model for a low bypass turbofan engine, we ended up finding a model given by Snorri on "General Aviation Aircraft Design", but the ...
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What makes an engine suitable for supersonic flight?
I would like to know for example if someone can take the "core" of an CFM56 used on A320, redesign it by adding a supersonic intake, a convergent-divergent nozzle, and reduce its bypass ...
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Which would be the best placement of an engine for a supersonic buisness jet that has an intake of 2-D ramp? [duplicate]
I would also like to know if possible which would be the advantage/disadvantage of placing the engine under or over the wing for example.
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Are there planes designed for going supersonic in a dive only, not in leveled flight?
Are there any sub-/transsonic planes that are able to go supersonic in a dive without damage nor losing control but can't go above Mach 1 in horizontal flight? Some planes can go into leveled ...
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Would a ramjet be able to fly at 1% of sea level atmosphere and pure oxygen? [duplicate]
1% (0.01 atm) of the sea level pressure is a bit less pressure than at the SR-71 Blackbird's highest altitudes. If all that atmosphere was 100% oxygen (instead of 21%), would a (sc)ramjet still be ...
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What exactly is the pressure thrust component and why does it exist?
I'm teaching PowerPlants on a ATPL theory course and honestly have some trouble wrapping my head around this one:
Most literature describes the term "pressure thrust" – as opposed to "...
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Are supersonic passenger aircraft still realistic? [duplicate]
I was wondering if supersonic passenger aircraft like Concorde or the Tupolev Tu 144 can still be made and flown profitably. The Tu 144 failed because it was poorly designed. And Concord failed ...
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Why did Concorde have a max pitch down attitude in supersonic flight?
In ITVV Concorde (documentary) as the flight's captain introduced the ADI (attitude director indicator) he explained the dotted line (circled above) as follows:
[...] and the little orange dotted ...
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How does the drag coefficient behave at transonic and supersonic speeds for swept wing aircraft?
I was reading about wave drag and Concorde recently and found some contradictory information relating to drag. For example Wikipedia says:
Afterburner was added to Concorde for take-off to cope with ...
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Why should Mach wave angle be less than wing sweep angle?
This is from my lecture notes:
I see that this is so you can have subsonic flow over the wing planform, but why is this desirable? And are there more reasons?
I can think of heat being an issue if ...
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Boundary Layer Ingestion - Would it also work at supersonic speeds?
I have searched the forum and the internet but can't find the answer to my question. Would the 10% increase in fuel efficiency from BLI function at supersonic speeds?
The 10% increase is the number I ...
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Formula for comparing drag on planes flying at different speeds at different altitudes. Ex: Mach .80 at 40,000 ft, vs Mach 5 at 100,000 ft
I am interested in getting a sense of how much extra energy is needed to overcome drag at different speeds and altitudes. For example, for me a baseline would the drag on an airplane flying something ...
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Does lift-to-drag ratio asymptote to 4 (or 6) at high Mach numbers?
The Kuchemann equations for L/D at high mach numbers, approximately verified by wind tunnel tests, were:
$$\left(\frac{L}{D}\right)_{max} = \frac{4\cdot(M+3)}{M}$$
and, for wave riders
$$\left(\frac{L}...
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How do the shockwaves (supersonic and hypersonic) interact with the structure?
My main question is why spaceplanes are conceptualized as pointy and lengthy, dart-like machines. What would happen if they were more like flying wing?
I'm hypothesizing a bit and I am not sure what ...
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Does an increase in Mach number lead to a decrease in Total Pressure Recovery (TPR) for supersonic inlets?
I am curious if the total pressure recover for supersonic inlets, in general, decrease for an increase in Mach number.
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Could an airliner exceed Mach 1 in a zero-G power dive and safely recover?
(I looked for duplicates. I really did.)
Being as it is that "safety" and this are mutually exclusive:
I am stupid. I take a cruising A320, apply TOGA power, and push zero Gs until I exceed ...
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Was there ever a supersonic flight in a non-pressurized plane, and what is/would it be like for the pilot?
If you went supersonic in a plane that has no pressurized cockpit, would you be completely deaf (because of flying faster-than-sound)? Would it be dangerous to the pilot even if he/she was in an ...
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Is it dangerous for a supersonic aircraft to fly at exactly Mach 1?
If a plane that is designed for supersonic flight, say the Concorde, kept flying at exactly the speed of sound, would there be any danger in that? If so, what could get dangerous at constant Mach 1 ...
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How much aerodynamic heating do jetliners endure?
At cruise altitude (~ 33,000 ft) and cruise airspeed (~ 500 mph) how much do present-day airliners heat up due to air friction during their journey? Probably not much because there's still ice on the ...
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Why aren't isentropic noses and tails used in supersonic aircraft?
An inside out paraboloid would theoretically produce isentropic compression for an inlet cone. But this question is about nose and tail cones on fuselages, and leading and trailing edges of wings.
An ...
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When and where are anti-ice required for supersonic flight?
Many aircraft have heating devices to prevent dangerous icing. Supersonic aircraft rapidly compress the air, leading to elevated temperatures. Concorde and Tu-144 used fuel as a heat sink.
How fast ...
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Why was there no issue with the Tu-144 flying above land?
The Concorde didn't fly supersonically above land, it only could above the ocean. The Tu-144 however flew between Moscow and Almaty, so entirely above land; why did it fly like this? Didn't it have a ...
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How high can manned subsonic planes go?
What is the maximum altitude a manned plane that flies subsonically can reach? Subsonic airplanes can't go as high as super- and hypersonic ones of course, so record holders are the latter ones. But ...
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Below what altitudes do shock waves form?
For a shock wave to form, the air must have a certain density. Surely in Thermosphere or even upper parts of Mesospheres the air is very thin. I was wondering if there is a formula related to the Mach ...
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