Questions tagged [instrument-procedures]
Procedures for navigating based on cockpit instruments rather than visual references outside the cockpit.
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Can you recommend IFR material for Europe?
Is there a European equivalent to the FAA's "Instrument Flying Handbook" and "Instrument Procedures Handbook" that will illustrate how to fly different procedures in accordance with ICAO PANS-OPS Doc ...
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To do the holding pattern or not?
Full size: http://155.178.201.160/d-tpp/1710/06656ILD5.PDF
So for the plate, if we were approaching from the southwest on the ILS or the LOC/DME, would we have to conduct that holding pattern if we ...
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What non-precision approach in the US has the longest segment at MDA?
What approach is the longest approach, in the US, which has the longest segment at the MDA? Obviously this is for non-precision approaches.
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Where does the final approach begin if the glide slope is intercepted at an altitude above that depicted on the approach chart? [duplicate]
The final approach segment for an approach with vertical guidance or a
precision approach begins where the glideslope/glidepath intercepts
the minimum glideslope/glipdepath intercept altitude ...
- 7,537
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Are ATCs required to notify pilots when they use MVAs?
I understand ATCs may use minimum vectoring altitudes(MVAs) when they deem it as appropriate. When they do that, do they notify the pilots of the fact that they are being radar vectored based on MVAs? ...
- 7,537
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Can the touchdown RVR be replaced by the midpoint or rollout RVR?
When there are three RVRs equipments in place and an ILS approach chart minumum for the runway simply says "RVR 800m" without any additional notes, is the touchdown RVR the only controlling RVR? If so,...
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What's the purpose of depiction of visual flight track on some Jeppesen approach charts?
29 is the visual flight track in this chart. Why is it depicted from the MAP to the threshold of the runway? Does it signify some alternative procedures pilots are expected to perform if they decide ...
- 7,537
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How do I execute this instrument approach at Larnaca (LCLK)?
I am on course 200 degrees and got a clearance for the VOR-ILS X RWY 22 approach at Larnaca International Airport (LCLK):
Where is the/an IAF in this case? Do I have to join a holding pattern over ...
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Why do aircraft take this strange route into JFK?
Looking at FlightRadar24, I see there is a long line of aircraft heading into JFK, but that they seem to all be starting to head straight at it from over Pennsylvania (as can be seen in the image ...
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Why is there a helicopter visibility reduction restriction for this approach?
For the RNAV (GPS) RWY 17 approach at KSMN, why does it say "Helicopter visibility reduction below 3/4 SM NA."?
Looking at the LNAV, there is a 5 mile visibility requirement and if we cut that in ...
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What are IFR departure categories?
I'm looking at the takeoff mins and DPs for Reno/Stead (RTS.) It lists takeoff mins for Cat A and B, Cat C and D NA:
TAKEOFF MINIMUMS: CAT A,B only, CAT C,D NA. Rwys 8,14, 1300-2 or std.
with a ...
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Why are holding patterns in an oval shape?
Why are holding patterns in an oval shape? Why not circular or more square-like?
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When would these two fixes at KMEM be used?
When flying IFR into a class B airport you usually file a STAR at the end of your plan. After the last fix on the STAR you will then receive vectors from ATC to the approach for the assigned runway. ...
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Why is "NoPT" indicated on this KYKM approach?
For LOC-DME approach (back course) at Yakima Air Terminal (KYKM), NoPT was mentioned at different locations on this 2008 plate:
Click for full plate. Source.
However there is no procedure turn at ...
- 71k
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How do pilots fly an MLS approach?
There is not much information on the cockpit aspect of the Microwave Landing System. Apart from Wikipedia, there's this excellent 15-minute FAA video from 1974 on TRSB (time reference scanning beam) ...
user14897
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How can I keep my IR currency outside the USA?
I am an FAA PPL/IR holder living in Spain.
My IR license was issued in May 13 of 2016, it has been over 6 months so now I need to log my 6HIT with a safety pilot.
Is it possible to complete the ...
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If you file a flightplan with "NO SID", can you still get assigned a graphical ODP in your clearance?
Recently, the FAA has been moving to migrate Obstacle Departure Procedures from the textual form they are in in the A/FD Departure Procedures section to use the same graphical/charted format that SIDs ...
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How does Jeppesen create its US charts?
The Jeppesen and FAA IFR plates represent the same information in different ways. The FAA publishes its charts for free, but the underlying data that goes into the charts (e.g., exact coordinates of ...
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Can a pilot transition from a localizer approach to an ILS approach?
I was recently looking at the approach to RWY 8L at Honolulu, Hawaii (PHNL).
Looking at the approach IAFs, I see the LOC RWY 8L approach has many different options, and has an intercept altitude at 2,...
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Can an instrument procedure be intercepted from the middle and how?
While I was reading FAA-H-8083-6 I was wondering if a pilot can be instructed to intercept a procedure from a point somewhere in the middle of it.
Specifically:
A pilot departs from an airport ...
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Is it OK to make an approach without any straight-in segment at all?
Let's say you are on a 180° heading right of the airport and want to land on runway 36. Abeam 36 you can make a descending turn left, flare and start leveling off at the same time, touch down with the ...
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Is a hold in lieu of a procedure turn specifically one hold on an RNAV approach?
I was looking at RNAV (GPS) RWY 6. I considered that conceivably ATC could have me enter the hold at an altitude requiring a rapid descent to get to the initial approach altitude.
I know that unless ...
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What is "established" on an RNAV approach?
I was looking at the RNAV (GPS) RWY 6 at 12J. Thinking about my descent profile, I wondered when I could start my descent from my transition altitude if I was told to maintain an altitude until ...
- 247
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If DME is required, why have non-DME minima?
I was looking at the ILS or LOC RWY 9 at KJZI today and I noticed that it had lower minima for when you can identify an intermediate fix (YOCUB). That made sense, but the entire approach requires DME....
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Why would the runway separation for parallel triple simultaneous precision approaches be dependent on airport elevation?
Based on FAA advisory circular AC 150/5300-13A, Airport Design, when operating triple simultaneous precision instrument approaches the parallel runway separation could be reduced from 5000 feet to ...
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Why is the VFR traffic pattern area at some airports different from its IFR circling approach area?
Take Half Moon Bay Airport (KHAF) as an example.
Under VFR, the traffic pattern is right pattern for RWY 30 and left pattern for RWY 12. This implies the downwind leg is to the EAST of the RWY 12-30,...
- 3,361
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How is a conflict between aircraft with TCAS I and II resolved?
Let's say there are two aircraft in a risk of collision, one of them is equipped with Traffic Collision Avoidance System (TCAS) I so it will get only a Traffic Advisory (TA), however the second one is ...
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Is it acceptable to use VNAV data in lieu of localizer recommended altitudes?
My airline's vertical navigation data isn't certified for use and is considered 'advisory' only. But, 90% of the time it provides highly accurate data.
Some instructors at my company contend that '...
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What is a Visual Climb Over Airport (VCOA) and how is it properly executed?
The takeoff minimums and (obstacle) departure procedures for the Asheville Regional Airport (KAVL) have special instructions due to the rising terrain in the vicinity of the airport. Instrument ...
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When are pilots required to have approval to conduct practice approaches?
I would like a clarification about requesting practice approaches.
I have seen pilots at uncontrolled airports shoot practice approaches such as VOR, SDF, etc. without needing approval; obviously.
...
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Why do double-ended ILS runway share the same frequency from both sides?
Let's find a runway where there are localizer-related procedures at both ends, e.g.
KMRY: 110.7 for both ILS RWY 10R and LOC/DME RWY 28L
KLAX: 108.5 for both ILS OR LOC RWY 06L and ILS OR LOC RWY ...
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On a procedure turn, do you make the turn on the inside or outside of the procedure turn?
When flying a procedure turn like the one shown below, the first step is to fly outbound 039 degrees. When you turn inbound to 219 degrees, do you make that turn to the left or to the right? The left ...
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Why is an LPV WAAS GPS approach considered non-precision? [duplicate]
My understanding of precision was both lateral and vertical guidance. If a GPS approach with WAAS provides both, why is it still considered non-precision?
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In what portion a non-GPS approach, can a pilot legally fly with GPS as primary navigational resource?
In IFR-GPS-equipped (/G) aircraft, a pilot flies most of the segments with GPS as primary navigational resource* even the route is along victor airways or VOR radials. However, when we start the ...
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In simple terms, what are LNAV, VNAV, and Baro-VNAV approaches? [duplicate]
In simple words, what are LNAV, VNAV, and BARO-NAV?
Are they all precision approaches and will they cancel the traditional approaches?
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Can I circle to a different runway if cleared for an instrument approach without circling minimums?
Tom is flying a C172S/G on ILS RWY 31 approach to KSNS. He just established on the localizer at 6000, from the SNS-22 DME Arc. He obtained weather from ATIS, wind 240@20G23, ceiling OVC006, visibility ...
- 3,361
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How do I know if an arrival procedure (STAR) clearance includes altitudes?
Air traffic control (ATC) can issue a standard terminal arrival route (STAR) to aircraft entering the terminal environment. The STAR usually communicates a predefined route of flight (fix1, fix2, fix3,...
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What are the reasons for autopilot restrictions on instrument approaches?
On some instrument approaches, the autopilot-coupled approach is not authorized (or not authorized below a certain minimum).
For example,
Autopilot-coupled NA (MRY: ILS OR LOC RWY 10R)
Autopilot-...
- 3,361
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What are the rules of thumb for intercepting and tracking VOR and LOC courses?
Pilots training to become instrument rated must learn to intercept and track VOR and LOC courses. What are the basic rules of thumb all pilots should learn regarding picking a course for intercept and ...
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Does altimeter setting affect the vertical guidance in a LPV approach?
I had assumed during a WAAS approach when the GPS is in LPV mode, both lateral guidance and vertical guidance are generated from GPS/WAAS signals and the pitot-static system should have no effect on ...
- 3,361
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Where does the final approach segment begin on an ILS approach?
Where does the final approach segment begin on an ILS approach? It may not be as simple as it sounds to answer. The reason I ask is because I've found some support for at least two answers.
One is ...
- 14.9k
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How to start an approach in IMC loss of communication under IFR?
Suppose I lost my radio communication while en-route, I am following the cleared route to the last fix. I am flying the higher of my last assigned altitude and MEA. Then, I am holding at my last en-...
- 3,361
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Are we expected to fly distanced leg (instead of timed leg) in holding pattern in GPS approaches?
The standard inbound/outbound holding leg are 1 min leg each (no wind condition). I noticed that a distance (4 nm in the following example) is noted in many GPS approaches. Do we need to fly the leg ...
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Why were "pattern a" and "pattern b" removed from the Instrument Flying Handbook?
If you search around on the Internet, have an older copy of the Instrument Flying Handbook, or talk to a seasoned CFII, you may run across the concept of "pattern a" and "pattern b." These were ...
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What are "Alternate Minimums"?
As I asked question about weather minimums yesterday, I've read some material including TERPs. And In the FAA 8260.3b, 'Taking and Landing Minimims' 3.1 there is one sentence "alternate minimims, when ...
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Why does this GPS approach say "RADAR REQUIRED"?
As I was looking at the approach charts for KCXY while answering this question, I realized that the GPS "overlay-style" approach to RW8 also requires RADAR.
Since the HAR VOR isn't even shown on ...
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How may I verify WAAS channel number on G1000?
Take RNAV (GPS) Y RWY 36L and RNAV (GPS) Z RWY 36L at APC for examples,
All fixes and routes in the two approaches are similar.
The noticeable differences that I observe are minimums and WAAS CH ...
- 3,361
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When do I have to hold during an instrument procedure?
Trying to stay fresh on instrument regs, and I'm reviewing when you are able to bypass a procedure turn. I'm reading that if you perform a teardrop entry for a hold, you may. Does that mean you have ...
- 853
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What is the official FAA definition of the term enroute?
I recently saw a ferry permit which included the following limitation:
Flight in IMC authorized for ENROUTE operations ONLY
Great, IMC is allowed enroute! But wait, where does the "enroute" ...
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