FAR 61.57 (a) and (b) both are proficiency based regulations. The proficiency standard is considered satisfied if you perform the necessary maneuvers (e.g., 3 takeoffs/landings) within a time period of 90 days. There are also specifications relating to category, class, and type (if applicable) of aircraft and night versus day that apply and are described in the regulation.
Your question asks, for example, if you do 3 touch and go's in a Colombian registered Cessna 172 while in Columbia or the U.S., does that satisfy the related currency requirements specified under FAR 61.57 for operations within the U.S.?
In my opinion, the answer to this is yes. If you did your 90 day currency in a non "N" registered airplane and used that currency to meet FAR 61.57, what rule would you be in violation of if someone took the position that it was not legal to do this.
I am unable to locate a Legal Interpretation or definitive policy that indicates the currency requirements specified in FAR 61.57 have to be conducted in a "N" registered aircraft to be legal for U.S. operations.