Generally in the British Commonwealth it's Aircraft Maintenance Engineer. In Canada an AME can do maintenance up to and including an annual condition inspection or other major inspections, but has to be specifically endorsed on more complex aircraft to sign off any kind of work.
In the US the main classification is Airframe and Power Plant Mechanic (A&P), who can do and sign maintenance releases on any aircraft without an endorsement. However to sign off an annual condition inspection or other major inspections, the mech needs an IA, or Inspection Authorization.