If the controller issues a "climb via" SID with an interim altitude of 8,000 and then subsequently amends the altitude and states:
"Climb via SID and maintain Flight Level 240" then the altitude crossing restriction to cross INLAND at or above 14,000 still applies.
However, if the controller does not use the words "Climb Via," and instead states:
Climb and maintain Flight Level 240" then the altitude crossing restriction to cross INLAND at or above 14,000 is cancelled.
The words "Climb Via" are essentially the same as "comply with all SID restrictions." If a new altitude is issued without the "Climb Via" verbiage, then (unless the altitude crossing restrictions are restated) climb unrestricted to the new altitude is expected.
From FAA JO Order 7110.65W, para. 4-5-6 and 4-5-7 (Air Traffic Controller's handbook):
6.
When an aircraft has been issued an interim
altitude and after departure ATC can subsequently
clear the aircraft to climb to the original top altitude
published in the SID instruct aircraft to “climb via
SID.” When issuing a new altitude and compliance
with published restrictions is still required instruct
aircraft to
“climb via SID
except maintain (altitude).”
PHRASEOLOGY
−
CLIMB VIA SID.
CLIMB VIA SID except maintain (altitude).
EXAMPLE
−
1. (An aircraft was issued the T
eddd One departure, “climb
via SID” in the IFR departure clearance. An interim
altitude of 10,000 was issued instead of the published top
altitude of FL
230; after departure ATC is able to issue the
published top altitude): “Climb via SID.”
NOTE
−
In Example 1, the air
craft will track laterally and vertically
on the Teddd One departure and initially climb to 10,000;
Once re-issued the “climb via” clearance the interim
altitude is
cancelled aircraft
will continue climb to FL230
while complying with published restrictions.
EXAMPLE
−
2. (Using Example 1, after departure ATC is able to issue
an altitude higher than the published top altitude): “Climb
via SID except maintain flight level two six zero.”
NOTE
−
In Example 2, the air
craft will track laterally and vertically
on the Teddd One departure and initially climb to 10,000;
once issued “climb via” clearance to FL260 the aircraft
will continue climb while complying with published
restrictions.
NOTE
1.
Considering the principle that the last ATC clearance
issued has precedence over the previous, the phraseology
“maintain (altitude)” alone cancels previously issued
altitude restrictions, including SID/STAR altitude
restrictions unless they are restated or modified, and
authorizes an unrestricted climb or descent. Speed
restrictions r
emain in effect unless
the controller explicitly
cancels the speed restrictions.
2.
Restate
“climb/descend via” and then use “except” or
“except maintain” phraseology to modify published
restrictions or assign a new top/bottom altitude. Use
“resume” phraseology with “maintain” to rejoin a route
and assign a new altitude
where
compliance with published
altitude restrictions is not required.
[all preceding emphasis is mine]
Also see AIM para. 5-2-8.
Lastly, here is some good guidance regarding "Climb/Descend Via"
Climb/Descend Via FAQ