Laser Light Communications (US) plan for several dozen optical high speed data links between satellites and ground is described in Aviation Week's article Big Gains On Horizon For Laser Communications Suppliers and Lightwave's online website: Laser Light to leverage free-space optics in space for Optical Satellite as a Service.
All Optical Hybrid Global Network (or HALO, as laser Light calls it)
The plan is to use lasers to establish optical links between satellites in Earth orbit (MEO) and between them and a network of ground stations.
According to the company's website, Laser Light will leverage 8 to 12 satellites in medium Earth orbit to create a network that will offer an initial service capacity of 7.2 Tbps. The satellites will pass signals among themselves and to the ground via free-space optics. The space interconnections will include 48 links of 200 Gbps apiece, as well as 72 steerable up/down links to Earth at 100 Gbps. (my emphasis)
edit: Confirming that the plan is to establish several dozen laser communications link between ground stations and satellites, from the article The Speed of Light: Laser Light and Optus Explain Optical Communications Partnership:
Laser Light’s hybrid network is broken into two elements: an OSS part and the Ground Network System (GNS). The OSS half is comprised of a constellation of eight to 12 Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) satellites, which beam down data to a GNS via a completely optical spectrum. The data then connects to terrestrial fiber infrastructure, such as the one Optus already has in place. (my emphasis)
above: Graphic from The Speed of Light: Laser Light and Optus Explain Optical Communications Partnership to Via Satellite Magazine Note: since the satellites are in medium Earth orbit (MEO) and not Geosynchronous orbit (GEO), these beams would not be fixed, but in fact scan repeatedly through tens of kilometers of airspace each.
These would not be narrow, millimeter-diameter beams like we see from laser pointers. In order to combat diffraction, they would actually be expanded to at least tens of centimeters in diameter or larger. There is also a chance they would be just outside the visible wavelength range in the (very near) infrared. So I would guess there is a good chance that - depending on the actual implementation - these beams might not actually pose any risk to a pilot if an aircraft passes though one, but I don't know that for a fact.
I would like to know who must approve globally distributed continuous laser data links between Earth stations and orbiting Satellites in the context of aviation safety.
The answers to the related question How does aviation deal with satellite and Moon laser ranging, and other scientific lasers in the sky? seem to suggest that there are some rules and best practices associated with ground-based lasers from observatories that are used intermittently, but in the case of bidirectional, near continuous laser traffic from dozens to perhaps hundreds of sites (each satellite has 72 independently steerable beams) the existing procedures (having two human spotters watching for planes) would not really be feasible.
There is some discussion here but I don't see any mention of aviation.