I forget which incident triggered it, but I recall some years ago that an inventor and his invention (for which he sought a patent), proposed to do almost exactly this, and was featured on a news story. The inventor felt that he was being brushed off for no good reason.
However, then as now, it's an unfeasible idea for numerous reasons including cost, weight, reliability, and insignificant or non-existent window of opportunity for effective use.
Consider: in exactly what sort of scenario could such a system actually offer a favorable outcome? How would it be determined that activation of the system is the correct action? If so, what preparation within the cabin would be needed pre-activation?
Bad things happen very rarely, extremely rarely at altitude (where any sort of parachute system would have a chance of deploying effectively) and happen without warning. By the time the emergency is recognized, it may be too late to push the button on such a system.
Another point: it is always better all around to prevent an emergency from ever occurring than it is to develop systems to be activated in response, especially when the response is as complex and expensive as a break-apart and parachute system.